British skater Madge Cave Syers captured the first women’s title and received the bronze in pairs along with her husband, Edgar Syers. Egypt, the British Virgin Islands, Monaco, Puerto Rico, and Senegal made their Winter Olympics debuts as a Winter Games-record variety of national Olympic committees (49) competed at Sarajevo. Only the British group and American Theresa Weld, who gained the bronze medals in pairs and women’s singles respectively, prevented a Scandinavian sweep. Norway topped the medals table with a complete of 17, and the Scandinavian international locations, which altogether captured 28 of the 43 medals awarded, dropped their earlier objections. The primary organized international competition involving winter sports activities was introduced just 5 years after the birth of the trendy Olympics in 1896. This competition, the Nordic Games, included solely athletes from the Scandinavian nations and was held quadrennially in Sweden, starting in 1901. Figure skating was included within the Olympics for the first time within the 1908 Summer Games in London, though the skating competition was not actually held till October, some three months after the other occasions were over. The great Ulrich Salchow (Sweden) gained the first Olympic gold medal awarded for men’s determine skating. Nordic nations dominated the figure skating occasions.

Although Yang outperformed Johnson in seven events, the American’s dominance in the throwing events made the difference, سعر الذهب and he outscored Yang by 58 points to win the gold medal. The decathlon featured a tightly contested battle between Rafer Johnson of the United States and Yang Chuan-kwang of Taiwan, shut pals who each attended the University of California at Los Angeles and educated under the same coach. Conspicuously absent from the Alpine events have been 1980 gold medalists Ingemar Stenmark (Sweden) and Hanni Wenzel (Liechtenstein), who had been thought of professionals and had been thus banned from Olympic competitors. Within the men’s competitors Scott Hamilton (U.S.) edged out Brian Orser (Canada) to win the gold. In the men’s slalom twin brothers Phil and Steve Mahre (U.S.) took the gold and silver, respectively. Another Swedish skater, Svea Norén, gained the silver in women’s singles, whereas Norwegians captured silver within the men’s and pairs occasions, as nicely because the bronze in the men’s singles. Djokovic had beforehand gained all three other Grand Slam occasions the 12 months earlier than, which gave him a non-calendar year Grand Slam as well.

Middle-distance runner Peter Snell of recent Zealand won the first of his three career gold medals. Australian teams, which between them received all but one of the gold medals. With a purpose to encourage participation, the International Olympic Committee agreed to pay the expenses of one male and one feminine participant from each nation. I learn a wonderful book by Arthur C. Clarke, Childhood’s End, where at one point sort of every part was automated, and nobody had any job anymore. Automated teller machines (ATMs) started distributing only euros on January 1, 2002. Through the "twin circulation period," till the ultimate deadlines have been reached for changeover, each national currencies and the euro have been accepted, but after that time solely the euro was acceptable authorized tender. Two years later an settlement was reached to have fun an IOC-sanctioned International Winter Sports Week. Only two years separated the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville, France, and the 1994 Games in Lillehammer, Norway. The Games staged in St. Moritz, Switzerland, in 1928 have been formally designated the second Winter Olympics. From 1928 the Winter Games have been held each 4 years in the identical calendar 12 months because the Summer Games.

Thereafter the Winter and Summer Games had been each held quadrennially, alternating in even-numbered years. Taped footage of the Games was flown to New York City at the end of each day and broadcast on the CBS television community within the United States. Canada captured the gold medal in ice hockey, with the United States successful silver and Czechoslovakia ending with the bronze. Gold-medal-winning ice dancers Jayne Torvill and Christopher Dean (U.K.) redefined the sport with their mesmerizing interpretation of Maurice Ravel’s Boléro. Although the coat of arms of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation confirmed a black eagle with crimson legs towards a gold background, these weren't the official colours of the empire. The German Navy was originally identified as the Bundesmarine (Federal Navy) from 1956 to 1995, when Deutsche Marine (German Navy) grew to become the official title with respect to the 1990 incorporation of the East German Volksmarine (People's Navy).

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